THE MEDIATING ROLE OF JOB SATISFACTION IN THE EFFECT OF WORK-LIFE BALANCE ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AT THE REGIONAL PUBLIC COMPANY TIRTA TOHLANGKIR
Keywords:
work-life balance, Job Satisfaction, employee engagementAbstract
Regional Public Company Tirta Tohlangkir is currently experiencing difficulties in fostering optimal employee engagement, which stem from factors such as excessive workloads, limited participation in organizational decision-making, and a workplace atmosphere that impedes productivity. This study seeks to examine the mediating function of job satisfaction in the relationship between work-life balance and employee engagement within the organization. Employing a purposive sampling method, the study involved 92 employees as research participants. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews, then analyzed using both descriptive statistics and inferential analysis through Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS).
The empirical results reveal that work-life balance significantly and positively influences employee engagement. Furthermore, a well-maintained work-life balance also enhances job satisfaction, which in turn significantly boosts employee engagement. The analysis confirms that job satisfaction plays a mediating role in the linkage between work-life balance and employee engagement. From a theoretical standpoint, this research supports the relevance of social exchange theory in the field of organizational behavior. Practically, the findings provide valuable insights for developing strategies to improve employee engagement, particularly through enhancing job satisfaction and achieving a better balance between professional and personal life.
Downloads
References
Ambalika, N. K. A. D., Azzahra, H. A. I. S., Rahmayanti, P. L. D., & Ditha, I. G. A. T. L. (2024). The Effect of Work-Life Balance, Internal Communication, and Rewards on Employee Engagement and Employee Performance: A Study on Generation Z. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education, 5 (2), pp. 1646-1654.
Anjani, A. I., & Murniyati, D. (2024). Pengaruh Self Efficacy terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Work Life Balance sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi pada Pegawai Perempuan Di Kota Madiun). In SIMBA: Seminar Inovasi Manajemen, Bisnis, dan Akuntansi, 6, hal. 1-15.
Antony, S., & Nainggolan, R. (2021. Analisis Pengaruh Faktor-Faktor Keterlibatan Karyawan terhadap Produktivitas Organisasi pada ritel Alfamart dan Indomaret kota Batam. In CoMBInES-Conference on Management, Business, Innovation, Education and Social Sciences, 1 (1), pp. 1971-1978.
Aprilianingsih, A., & Frianto, A. (2022). Pengaruh Job Demands dan Job Resources terhadap Work Engagement pada Tenaga Kependidikan Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 10 (1), hal. 173-184.
Arianti, W. P., Hubeis, M., & Puspitawati, H. (2020). Pengaruh Faktor Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Employee Engagement di Perwiratama Group. Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan, 13 (1), hal. 31-48.
Arianti, A. M., Soekemi, W., & Dewi, R. S. (2022). The Effect of Work Life Balance and Compensation on Employee Performance through Employee Engagement as Intervening Variable (Study on Married Women Employees That Have Children in the Production Section of PT Sukuntex Spinning). Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 10, pp. 705-718.
Ariva, A. P., & Puspitadewi, N. W. S. (2022). Hubungan Keterikatan Karyawan dengan Persepsi Kinerja Karyawan PT. X di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Character Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 9 (7), hal. 34-46.
Asjari, S. N., & Gunawan, A. W. (2022). Pengaruh Work Life Balance, Internal Communication dan Transformational Leadership terhadap Employee Performance dengan Employee Engagement sebagai Variable Mediasi. Journal Transformation of Mandalika, 3 (1), hal. 168-190.
Atlennur, D., & Arianto, T. (2024). Pengaruh Work Life Balance terhadap Employee Engagement dan Kepuasan Kerja sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Kasus Karyawan Daihatsu Bengkulu). Jurnal Entrepreneur dan Manajemen Sains (JEMS), 5 (1), hal. 93-107.
Azdanal, M. R., Zamzam, F., & Rostiati, N. (2021). Pengaruh Work Life Balance Iklim Organisasi dan Reward Masa Pandemi terhadap Kepuasan Kerja. Integritas Jurnal Manajemen Profesional (IJMPRO), 2 (2), hal. 235-248.
Badrianto, Y., & Ekhsan, M. (2021). Pengaruh Work-life Balance terhadap Kinerja Karyawan yang di Mediasi Komitmen Organisasi. Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Ekonomi Syariah), 4 (2), hal. 951-962.
Baxi, D. B., & Atre, D. (2024). Job Satisfaction: Understanding the Meaning, Importance, and Dimensions. Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship, 18 (2), pp. 34-40.
Budiasa, I. K. (2021). Beban Kerja dan Kinerja Sumber Daya Manusia. CV. Pena Persada
Cahyadi, A. (2024). Job Crafting dan Meaningful Work dalam Konstruksi Pemodelan Employee Engagement. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi Manajemen, 9 (2), hal. 356-368.
Chairunnisa., Aji, F., & Wijaya, A. N. (2023). Keterlibatan Karyawan: Penelusuran Literature. Psikologia: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Psikologi, 18 (2), hal. 148-163.
Chandra, A., Palendeng, I. D., & Kojo, C. (2024). Pengaruh Beban Kerja dan Employee Engagement terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan dengan Integritas sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada PT. Matahari Department Store, Tbk-Megamall Manado. Jurnal EMBA: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 12 (4), hal. 109-119.
Darmadi. (2022). Strategi Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Dalam Meningkatkan Keunggulan Kompetitif. Equator Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship, 10 (2), hal. 85-92.
Erwina., & Amri. (2020). Analisis Employee Engagement melalui Dimensi Vigor, Dedication dan Absorption pada PT. Sumber Graha Sejahtera di Kabupaten Luwu. JEMMA (Journal of Economic, Management and Accounting), 3 (2), hal. 173-180.
Febriansyah, H., & Ginting, H. (2020). Dimensi employee engagement. Jakarta: Prenad.
García-Salirrosas, E. E., Rondon-Eusebio, R. F., Geraldo-Campos, L. A., & Acevedo-Duque, Á. (2023). Job Satisfaction in Remote Work: The Role of Positive Spillover from Work to Family and Work–Life Balance. Behavioral Sciences, 13 (11), pp. 1-22.
Ginting, G., & Siagian, V. (2021). Pengaruh Motivasi dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Guru di Sekolah Adent Air Bersih Medan Saat Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Ubhara, 3 (2), hal. 96-107.
Ghozali, I. (2021). Structural Equation Modeling Dengan Metode Alternatif Partial Least Squares (PLS). Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Ghozali, M. I., & Ekhsan, M. (2023). Peran Employee Engagement sebagai Mediator pada Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kepuasan Kerja PT. S A. Dynamic Management Journal, 7 (3), hal. 435- 449.
Hair, J., Hult, G., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (Second Edition). Thousand Oaks: SAGE.
Halias, D. S., & Prahara, S. A. (2020). Kepuasan Kerja dengan Employee Engagement pada Driver Ojek Online. Psyche 165 Journal, 13 (1), hal. 95-100.
Indra, F. J., & Rialmi, Z. (2022). Pengaruh Work-Life Balance, Burnout, dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan (Studi Kasus pada Karyawan PT Meka Eduversity Komunikasi). Jurnal Madani: Ilmu Pengetahuan, Teknologi, dan Humaniora, 5 (2), hal. 90-99.
Irawan, H., & Bagyo, Y. (2022). Pengaruh Organizational Culture, Emotional Intelligence, dan Social Intelligence terhadap Employee Engagement (Studi pada Karyawan Bagian Non-Medis RSU Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang). Bisman (Bisnis dan Manajemen): The Journal of Business and Management, 5 (3), hal. 366-386.
Istiqomah., & Hardew, A. K. (2024). Dinamika Employee Engagement pada Perusahaan Biro Psikologi. Psikoborneo: Jurnal Imiah Psikologi, 12 (2), hal. 196-204.
Kamela, I., Yuhelmi, Y., Trianita, M., & Febriyantama, E. (2022). Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keterikatan Kerja Karyawan di Provinsi Bangka Belitung. Jurnal Ekobistek, 11 (4), hal. 284-289.
Kanda, A. S., & Mariah, S. (2024). Analisis Dampak Minimnya Tenaga Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja Karyawan Midun Brothers. Journal of Student Research, 2 (1), hal. 307-317.
Kasbuntoro, D. I., Maemunah, S., Mahfud, I., Fahlevi, M., & Parashakti, R. D. (2020). Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction: a Case Study of Employees on Banking Companies in Jakarta. International Journal of Control and Automation, 13 (4), pp. 439-451.
Kharismawan, I. L., & Hayati, K. (2022). Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Kepercayaan terhadap Keterikatan Karyawan pada Perusahaan E-Commerce di Bandarlampung. Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen, 18 (2), hal. 100-116.
Köse, S., Baykal, B., Köse, S., Çuhadar, S. G., Turgay, F., & Bayat, I. K. (2021). Role of personality traits in work-life balance and life satisfaction. Eurasia Business and Economics Society Conference (pp. 279-295). Switzerland: Springer.
Kurniasari, D. M., & Bahjahtullah, Q. M. (2022). Pengaruh Work Life Balance, Stres Kerja dan Etika Kerja Islam terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Milenial di Masa Pandemi Covid 19 dengan Kepuasan Kerja sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Kasus Bank BTN Syariah KC Solo. NISBAH: Jurnal Perbankan Syariah, 8 (1), hal. 23-39.
Kurniawan, R., & Abadiyah, R. (2020). The Influence of Organizational Support, Leader Member Exchange, and Work Stress on Employee Performance With Employee Engagement as Intervening Variables. Academia Open, 3, 10-21070.
Listiara, A., & Shafira. (2017). Perbedaan kepuasan kerja pada karyawan berdasarkan usia dan masa kerja. Jurnal Empati, 6(1), 396–400.
Mardiani, I. N., & Widiyanto, A. (2021). Pengaruh Work-Life Balance, Lingkungan Kerja dan Kompensasi terhadap Kinerja karyawan PT Gunanusa Eramandiri. Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Ekonomi Syariah), 4 (2), hal. 985-993.
Mehrad, A., Fernández-Castro, J., & de Olmedo, M. P. G. G. (2020). A Systematic Review of Leadership Styles, Work Engagement and Organizational Support. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 9 (4), pp. 66-77.
Muhdini. H. (2020). Konsep Employee Engagement dan Penguatan Motivasi Kerja Karyawan. Kuningan: Goresan Pena.
Niza, U., & Putra, M. S. (2024). Pengaruh Perceived Organizational Support dan Employee Engagement terhadap Employee Well-Being. E-Jurnal Manajemen, 13 (8), hal. 1292-1312.
Novitasari, I. A., & Dessyarti, R. S. (2022). Pengaruh Work-Life Balance terhadap Turnover Intention dengan Employe Engagement sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi pada Karyawan PO Jaya Ponorogo). Edunomika, 6 (1), hal. 1-18.
Nurjana, N., Sry, R., & SUMARNI, S. (2023). The Effect of Work-Life Balance on Employee’s Job satisfaction and Work Motivation as Intervening Variable on Head Office PT Perkebunan Nusantara VI. ASEAN Entrepreneurship Journal (AEJ), 9 (1), pp. 61-72.
Panjaitan, H., Eryanto, H., & Suherdi, S. (2023). Analisis Sistem Work Life Balance pada Pegawai X. Jurnal Media Administrasi, 8 (1), hal. 103-115.
Permadi, I. K. O., Diputra, I. K. S., & Sanjiwani, P. A. P. (2023). The Effect of Work-Life Balance and Workload on Job Satisfaction to Affect Nurse Performance. Ekonomis: Journal of EconomiN and Business, 7 (2), pp. 884-891.
Perumda Tirta Tohlangkir Kabupaten Karangasem, Retrieven From Perumda Tirta Tohlangkir www.tirtatohlangkir.karangasemkab.go.id ,diakses 26 Maret 2025
Priyambodo, K., Suardhika, I. N., & Widnyana, W. (2024). The Role of Employee Engagement as Mediation on the Effect of Work Life Balance and Organizational Climate on Employee Performance at PT. Anugerah Agung Alami Bali. Journal of EconomiN, Finance and Management Studies, 7 (7), pp. 4648-4657.
Puryana, P. P., & Ramdani, T. A. (2020). Pengaruh Work Life Balance dan Work Capability terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Bakti Adikarya Sejahtera. Prosiding FRIMA (Festival Riset Ilmiah Manajemen dan Akuntansi), (3), hal. 720-747.
Putri, S. W., & Frianto, A. (2023). Pengaruh Work-Life Balance terhadap Kinerja Karyawan melalui Komitmen Organisasi. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 11 (2), hal. 293-305.
Pouluse, S., & N, S. (2014). Work-Life Balance: A Conceptual Review. International Journal of Advance in Management and Economics, 3, 1-17.
Rachmawati, A. M., Saptandari, P., & Setijaningrum, E. (2023). The Influence of Job Satisfaction on Employee Engagement with Trust as aModeration Variable in Employees in Private Education X Surabaya. JENIUS, 6 (3), pp. 637-648.
Rahadi, D. R. (2023). Pengantar Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Lentera Ilmu Madani.
Rahayu, Y. R., & Sutrischastini, A. (2022). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Smart Talenta Multitama. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi dan Bisnis Indonesia, 2 (1), hal. 69-88.
Ramdhani, D. Y., & Rasto. (2021). Keseimbangan Kehidupan Kerja (Work Life Balance) sebagai Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal MANAJERIAL, 20 (1), hal. 98-106.
Ratnasari, S. D., Widitama, M. R., & Sunarto. (2023). Employee Engagement Memediasi Pengaruh Work Life Balance dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Intention to Leave. Ekonika: Jurnal Ekonomi Universitas Kadiri, 8 (1), hal. 101-118.
Rony, Z. T., & Yulisyahyanti. (2022). The Influence of Work-Life Balance and Burnout on Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Science, 3 (1), pp. 161-168.
Rumangkit, S. (2020). Peran Employee Engagement pada Organizational Citizenship Behavior. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Darmajaya, 1, hal. 63-67.
Santoso, A. B., & Yuliantika, R. (2022). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja dan Kompensasi terhadap Intention to Stay. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 6 (3), hal. 1407-1422.
Sapta, I. K. S., Muafi., Setini, N. M. (2021). The Role of Technology, Organizational Culture, and Job Satisfaction in Improving Employee Performance during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Journal of Asian Finance, EconomiN and Business, 8 (1), pp. 495-505.
Sawitri, N. N. (2024). The Effect of Work-Life Balance, Employee Engagement and Training on Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance. Greenation International Journal of Tourism and Management, 2 (1), pp. 53-68.
Shelar, S., & Khatke, A. (2021). Effectiveness of Work Life Balance towards Employee Engagement in Hospitals with Special Reference to Pune. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 18 (10), pp. 481-493.
Silaban, H., & Margaretha, M. (2021). The Impact Work-Life Balance toward Job Satisfaction and Employee Retention: Study of Millennial Employees in Bandung City, Indonesia. International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development, 7 (3), pp. 18-26.
Siregar, T., Nasution, H., & Absah, Y. (2022). Analysis of the Effect of Work-Life Balance on Employee Engagement Employees PT. XYZ. International Journal of Research and Review, 9 (7), pp. 327- 336.
Sopian, K., Hidayati, T., & Kusumawardani, A. (2022). Effect of Work-Life Balance on Employee Engagement in Increasing Employee Performance. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR), 6 (3), pp. 156-162.
Sucahyowati, H., & Hendrawan, A. (2020). Pengaruh Employee Engagement terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT MK Semarang. Jurnal Sains Teknologi Transportasi Maritim, 2 (2), hal. 9-15.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Sukmawati, D., Priambodo, E. A., & Ishak, G. (2023). The Effect of Job Satisfaction and Work Life Balance on Employee Engagement at PT Pelayaran Bahtera Adhiguna. Journal Management and Leadership, 7 (1), pp. 63-75.
Sunyoto, D. (2023). Pertukaran Sosial Dan Teori Pendukung (Asumsi-Konsep-Kritik). Purbalingga: Eureka Media Aksara.
Sunyoto, D., & Kalijaga, M. A. (2022). Buku Referensi Teori Pertukaran Sosial Dalam Perilaku Kelompok. Purbalingga: Eureka Media Aksara.
Suparman, Z. A., & Wirayudha, A. (2023). Pengaruh Beban Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja dengan Work Life Balance sebagai Variabel Intervening. Jurnal Riset Manajemen dan Bisnis, 3 (2), hal. 122-130.
Suryani, N. K. (2022). Kepuasan Kerja: Pengaruhnya dalam Organisasi: Tinjauan Teoritis dan Empiris. Jurnal Imagine, 2 (2), hal. 71-77.
Sutrisno, E. (2019). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Edisi 10. Jakarta: Kencana Prenadamedia Group.
Sutrisno, S., Herdiyanti, H., Asir, M., Yusuf, M., & Ardianto, R. (2022). Dampak Kompensasi, Motivasi dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di Perusahaan: Review Literature. Management Studies and Entrepreneurship Journal (MSEJ), 3 (6), hal. 3476-3482.
Syafitri, R. A., & Iryanti, E. (2022). Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja melalui Work Engagement terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Kantor Pos Cabang Utama Surabaya 60000. Management Studies and Entrepreneurship Journal (MSEJ), 3 (5), hal. 2620-2627.
Thibaut, J. W., & Kelley, H. H. (1959). The social psychology of groups. John Wiley.
Tiong, P., Sumaryo, P., Dalle, M. Y., & Latif, A. (2023). Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Pengembangan Karir terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Hadji Kalla Cabang Urip Sumohardjo Makassar dengan Employee Engagement sebagai Variabel Intervening. Jurnal Metaverse ADPERTISI, 2 (2), hal. 43-51.
Utami, S. (2021). Pengaruh Quality of Work Life dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Employee Engagement PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Medan. Jurnal Ilmiah Kohesi, 5 (3), hal. 96-101.
Wibowo, M. A., & Munir, A. (2023). Pengaruh Work Life Balance terhadap Employee Engagement dengan Kepuasan Kerja sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Guru SMK Swasta Kota Salatiga. Excellent, 10 (1), hal. 67-86.
Widyantari, N. N. S. A., & Wibawa, I. M. A. (2024). Peran Kepuasan Kerja Memediasi Pengaruh Quality of Work Life terhadap Employee Engagement. E-Jurnal Manajemen, 13 (3), hal. 410-428.
Wijayanto, P., Suharti, L., & Chaniago, R. (2022). Pengaruh Work Life Balance terhadap Employee Engagement dan Dampaknya terhadap Turn-Over Intentions dengan Job CharacteristiN debagai Pemoderasi (Studi pada Karyawan Generasi Y di Indonesia). Jurnal Ekonomi Pendidikan Dan Kewirausahaan, 10 (1), hal. 83-98.
Wulansari, O. D. (2023). Studi Literatur: Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Work-Life Balance. Psychopreneur Journal, 7 (1), hal. 15-28.
Yaqien, N., Chamariyah., & Hartati, C. S. (2022). Pengaruh Kemampuan Kerja dan Disiplin kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Kecamatan Ganding Kabupaten Sumenep Yang Dimediasi Oleh Profesionalisme. EKONOMIKA45: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi Bisnis, Kewirausahaan, 9 (2), 67-85.
Yanwar, A. S., Wolor, C. W., & Marsofiyati, M. (2024). Analisis Pengembangan Karir Karyawan di PT Honest Financial Tecnologies. Sammajiva: Jurnal Penelitian Bisnis dan Manajemen, 2 (1), hal. 1-12.
